M.A. Dornheim, "ATF Prototypes Outstrip F-15 in Size and Thrust," Aviation Week and Space Technology, Sept. 17, 1990, pp. 44-50.
R. Braybrook, "ATF: The USAF's future fighter programme," Air International, Vol. 40, No. 2, Feb. 1991, pp. 65-70.
Bill Sweetman, YF-22 and YF-23 Advanced Tactical Fighters, Motorbooks, Osceola, 1991.
C. Clark and M. Bernens, "High Angle-of-Attack Flight Characteristics of the YF- 22," AIAA Paper No. 91-3194, September 1991.
Sherman N. Mullin, "The Evolution of the F-22 Advanced Tactical Fighter," 1992 Wright Brothers Lecture, AIAA Paper 92-4188, August 1992. This paper is by the then president of the Skunk Works. It is an excellent presentation of the program history, program organization, the configuration evolution. It provides a synopsis of the key configuration features and the "major challenges." Required reading to see how so-called mission imperatives are satisfied by configuration design.
Richard Abrams and Jay Miller, Lockheed F-22, Aerofax Special, Dec. 1992. The first author was director of flight test for the YF-22, and the description of the handling qualities and flight test program is excellent.
-, "From ATF to Lightning II - A Bolt in Anger," Part One: Design Options and the YF-23A, Air International, December 1994, pp. 334-341. Part Two, January 1995.
-,"the F-22 Story," Flight International Supplement, 1997. Especially good on systems, avionics and manufacturing.
David C. Aronstein, Michael J. Hirschberg and Albert C. Piccirillo, Advanced Tactical Fighter to F-22 Raptor: Origins of the 21st Century Air Dominance Fighter, AIAA, Reston, VA, 1998. This is a complete case study of the entire process. Piccirillo was in charge of a good portion of this project, so it is very authoritative, and has lots of references to document it. This is more than a description of the airplane, it is a description of the entire weapon acquisition process, a very complicated process.
James P. Stevenson, "The long battle for the F-22," Aerospace America, November 1998, pp. 36-41. A strong article on the programmatic and political aspects of the program. Discusses cost, program schedule and even compares with contemporary programs such as the F/A-18 E/F.
David Baker, "Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor," Air International Supplement, issued with the December 1998 issue. Very good.
Steve Pace, F-22 Raptor America's Next Lethal War Machine, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1999. This is another volume in the Walter J. Boyne Aircraft Series. Good history and chronology. However, it appears that many of the details of the program have not yet been released.
Bill Sweetman, "Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor", World Air Power Journal, Vol. 38, Autumn/Fall 1999, pp. 54-87. This is probably the best version to read. It covers the history of the program, the vehicle development, and has lots of very good color pictures. and a good cutaway.
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direct comments and suggestions to W.H. Mason, mason@aoe.vt.edu